Title: HEARTBURN

Date: 6/15/1995; Publication: Magill's Survey of Cinema;


Magill's Survey of Cinema

06-15-1995

HEARTBURN

Abstract:
Meryl Streep stars as Rachel in this seriocomic adaptation of Nora Ephron's thinly disguised autobiographical novel about her marriage to Watergate journalist Carl Bernstein. Jack Nicholson portrays the straying husband whose infidelity leads to the breakup of the hoped-for happy marriage. Relying primarily on Rachel's point of view, the film insightfully reveals the differing expectations of marriage and family held by men and women in a modern fragmented society.


Summary:
HEARTBURN presents the film fan and film critic with a number of problems. These problems make the film inherently interesting, but whether it is ultimately deemed successful depends on the viewer's reaction to the way the problems are resolved. The first problem the film brings forward is that it is based on Nora Ephron's best-selling novel of the same name. Film adaptations of novels are notoriously problematic--fans of the book inevitably picture the characters as somehow different from the film. A second problem is that the novel is a roman a clef, a thinly disguised version of the author's troubled marriage to Watergate journalist Carl Bernstein. The question of truthfulness, or gossip, is invariably invoked, and much time is inevitably spent wondering who the supporting characters ``really are.'' Yet a third problem arises when superstars with well-known personalities--in this case, Meryl Steeep and Jack Nicholson--are asked to protray fictional characters based on real-life models. With all of this going on, it is no wonder that the important issues the film raises, and the insights it brings to bear tend to get lost in the confusion.

Meryl Steeep stars as Rachel, Ephron's autobiographical stand-in, who sees Mark (Jack Nicholson) at a friend's wedding and is immediately attracted to him. Through her editor-friend Richard (Jeff Daniels), Rachel learns the particulars about Mark: that he is a Washington columnist and divorced. The viewer soon learns that Rachel, too, is divorced. On their first date, Rachel and Mark reveal strong feelings for each other and some hesitation, but marriage and a move to Washington, D.C., soon follow. In Washington, Rachel befriends Arthur (Richard Masur), Mark's lawyer, and his wife, Julie (Stockard Channing). She also develops an affection for Betty (Catherine O'Hara) a television journalist-cum-gossip monger. Not much more happens by way of plot, as the film tries to detail the little things in the day-to-day life of the for-now happy couple.

To this end, the film is marvelously successful. Plot-oriented American filmgoers may not be used to the sight of a film heroine learning to cook, to care for her home, to rear her children, to relax with friends. Rachel herself is constantly amazed at how happy she is, how content she is to do nothing more than these (seemingly) little things. She must force herself to think about returning to her writing career. Her bliss is short-lived, however, for she soon learns of her husband's affair. This sends her packing, children in tow, to her father's apartment in Manhattan and back to the bosom of her group-therapy sessions (memorably led by Maureen Stapleton as Vera). Mark follows, begging her to come back to him, which she does. Their happiness, however, is only temporary as Rachel, much to her shock, soon realizes.

The film is told basically from Rachel's point of view, and so very little is learned about Mark. All the viewer sees of him is what Rachel sees, and perhaps all that is really known of him is colored by Rachel's (or Ephron's) viewpoint. Thus, one learns of Mark's affair only when Rachel does, and if one may not be quite as shocked as she, one still feels her pain of betrayal. Mark's explanation for his infidelity, if explanation there can be, is absent. Yet Mark is not portrayed as a villain. A particularly delightful scene, for example, shows Mark's genuine joy at learning that Rachel is pregnant. The two of them sing every show tune they can think of with the word ``baby'' in it, and Mark's humorous rendition of the soliloquy from CAROUSEL (``MY BOY BILL...'') is a genuinely touching segment. Yet if Mark's treatment of Rachel seems harsh and his attitude inexplicable, his feelings may not be so different than those of Rachel's father, Harry (Steven Hill): Harry suggests that if Rachel wants revenge, she should leave the children with their father. Harry, and possibly Mark, simply have no idea how Rachel feels, how much her self-worth and identity are tied up with her family, possibly with the idea of the family in general. She may have idealized marriage and motherhood, but she also works at them; she could no sooner abandon her family that her self. Perhaps the film is trying to say that, whether culturally or biologically, in this respect women are different from men. Such differences make marriage and family very difficult, and such a realization makes the film very important.

By any objective standards, however, there are a number of weaknesses in HEARTBURN. Early in the film, for example, there is a scene in which Rachel is having second thoughts on her wedding day. As the guests gather and wait, Rachel hides in her room, as one after another of the main characters try to calm her down and reassure her. Director Mike Nichols crosscuts between Rachel and her guests, who assume various poses of boredom and disarray to indicate the passage of time. The problem with this scene is that it is clearly the kind of thing that only happens in the movies (the sequence is not even in Ephron's novel)--in real life people simply do not hide in their rooms on their wedding day while their guests interminable wait. While realism is not necessarily a standard of value to apply to films, this particular scene is so clearly phony, so clearly calculated to draw laughs, that it detracts from the very real doubts of the characters and the insight of the filmmakers. Another sequence of events which similarly smacks of filmdom and not life revolves around the couple's efforts to renovate their high-priced Georgetown townhouse. Contemporary viewers may be uncomfortable reminded of Steven Spielberg's presentation of Richard Benjamin's disastrous THE MONEY PIT (1986), while film historians may recall H. C. Porter's far superior MR. BLANDINGS BUILDS HIS DREAM HOUSE (1948). In both cases, however, the scenes in question add nothing to the film's themes.

A somewhat more serious flaw lies precisely in the area of the film's themes. The film suffers from a certain schizophrenia, an inability to decide what it is trying to say, or at least on what, or whom, to place the blame for the failure of Rachel's marriage. Primarily, the film is torn between showing the relationship between Rachel and Mark, revealing Rachel's desires, hopes, and dreams, and delivering a satirical look at upwardly mobile Washington, D.C. Toward this latter end, the film unfavorably compares Washington to Manhattan and concludes that, despite the crime, Manhattan is a more honest, real environment. Rachel's shuttling back and forth between the two cities becomes something of a recurring motif in the film, with the implication, perhaps, that Washington life is simply wrong, that no marriage could survive in that fishbowl atmosphere, in the gossip-ridden parties and get-togethers that distinguish Rachel's marriage. This is where Betty comes in. It is a running gag that every time she appears on-screen, she has more juicy bits of gossip to relate to Rachel and her fiends, more stories of who is doing what to whom. One hears more from Betty than from Mark, who is a political columnist--as if the film were trying to say that gossip has replaced reporting in Washington, which may or may not be true, but which surely cannot be blamed for the breakup of Rachel's marriage.

The blame for the breakup of Rachel's marriage lies in her own fantasies, her own inner voices which seem to be at variance with the contemporary, unromantic, me-oriented, selfish society of the 1980's. This is where the film is at its strongest, where it, in fact, contains its greatest insights, for the viewer learns of Rachel's feelings toward marriage, of her love for Mark and her overwhelming happiness when the marriage produces children. Her attitude toward being a mother, her romanticization of the role combined with her genuine feelings of fulfillment, prevent her initially from seeing the reality of her situation, which is that Mark's commitment to the marriage is fading. When she finally does make the break permanently, taking her children on the shuttle from Washington, D.C., to Manhattan for the last time, there is a strong feeling of poignancy and pathos. The life of a single mother, even a very talented and successful one, with two children is a difficult life. If the film refuses to blame Mark, or to blame men in general, it also makes no excuses for such insensitive, inexplicable behavior.

In perfectly capturing the milieu of its characters and its evenhanded treatment of all concerned, HEARTBURN is very much in keeping with the best films of its director, Mike Nichols. Nichols has demonstrated his sensitivity to the way men and women interact in all of his films: his stunning debut film, WHO'S AFRAID OF VIRGINIA WOOLF? (1966), followed by THE GRADUATE (1967), CARNAL KNOWLEDGE (1971), and the controversial SILKWOOD (1983). It was SILKWOOD that originally brought Meryl Streep, Mike Nichols, and Nora Ephron together. The same careful attention that lent authenticity to SILKWOOD, which depicted rural, working-class life, is present in HEARTBURN, which paints a convincing portrait of successful urbanites who unsuccessfully marry. Yet on this score, there is perhaps a certain hesitation on the filmmaker's part, for in making a film so obviously close to home, they tend to hold back a little, denying the full impact of their insight into the characters' Jewish background. The ethnicity is there, alluded to and implied, but never really allowed to surface. Nevertheless, this is a minor point compared to the unhesitatingly bold look at the way women and men sometimes simply see things differently, with unhappy but still comic results.


Country of Origin: USA

Release Date: 1986

Production Line:
Mike Nichols and Robert Greenhut; released by Paramount Pictures

Director: Mike Nichols

Cinematographer: Nestor Almendros

File Editor: Sam O'Steen

Additional Credits:
PRODUCTION DESIGN - Tony Walton
ART DIRECTION - John Kasarda
SET DECORATION - Susan Bode
COSTUME DESIGN - Ann Roth
SOUND - James Sabat
MUSIC - Carly Simon

MPAA Rating: R

Run Time: 108 minutes

Cast:
Rachel - Meryl Streep
Mark - Jack Nicholson
Richard - Jeff Daniels
Vera - Maureen Stapleton
Julie - Stockard Channing
Arthur - Richard Masur
Betty - Catherine O'Hara
Harry - Steven Hill
Dmitri - Milos Forman

Review Sources:
American Film. X, July, 1986, p.81
Commonweal. CXIII, August 15, 1986, p.436
Films in Review. XXXVII, October, 1986, p.481
Ms. XV, August, 1986, p.12
National Review.
XXXVIII, August 29, 1986, p.46
The New Republic.
CXCV, July 28, 1986, p.26
The New York Times.
CXXXV, July 25, 1986, p. C16

Named persons in Production Credits:
Mike Nichols
Robert Greenhut

Studios named in Production Credits:
Paramount Pictures

Screenplay (Author):
Nora Ephron

Color

Video Available.
Genre:
Comedy, Drama

Return to Main Articles Menu Page or Return to Home