Title: BROADCAST NEWS

Date: 6/15/1995; Publication: Magill's Survey of Cinema;


Magill's Survey of Cinema

06-15-1995

BROADCAST NEWS

Abstract:
Written, directed, and produced by Academy Award-winner James L. Brooks (TERMS OF ENDEARMENT), BROADCAST NEWS offers an engaging and perceptive glance into the difficulties faced in life and work by individuals immersed in the profession of network journalism.


Summary:
As the creative force behind such television projects as ``Room 222,'' ``Mary Tyler Moore'' (and its spin-off ``Lou Grant''), and ``Taxi,'' James L. Brooks both emulated and heightened everyday life. These series were popular because viewers found it easy to empathize with characters whose lives, at home and at work, were as unpredictable as their own. Brooks endowed his dramas with endearing humor and palpable moral and emotional virtue; his characters are memorable because of the care invested in making their lives both flawed and eloquent.

Such qualities were amply evident in TERMS OF ENDEARMENT (1983), which marked Brooks's debut as a feature-film director and garnered five Oscars (including Best Picture and Best Director). In BROADCAST NEWS (also nominated by the Academy for Best Picture), Brooks goes back to the office. After getting to know several network journalists at the 1984 Democratic Convention, revisiting the territory he experienced in the early 1960's as a newswriter, Brooks realized that changes in the profession had created a fertile environment for his brand of storytelling. In BROADCAST NEWS, Brooks parlays elements from TERMS OF ENDEARMENT and his television projects into a parable of work and love for the urban-professional 1980's.

BROADCAST NEWS bills itself as biographical and begins with sketches of the three protagonists as precocious children and later as high school students. Little Jane Craig (Gennie James), future network-news producer, is shown typing late-night letters to the last three pen pals on her list; her father (Leo Burmester) startles her mid-thought and warns her not to get obsessive in her writing. Aaron Altman (Dwayne Markee), future network correspondent, is introduced as a not-quite fifteen-year-old high school valedictorian who defends himself against bullies with his sharp wit. Tom Grunick (Kimber Shoop) studies hard but is slow to learn. His good looks and pleasant personality will more than compensate for his average intelligence.

With the salient personality traits and employment aptitudes of its three principals summarized, the film shows them next as grown-ups; each is a professional in the world of television journalism. Jane (Holly Hunter, nominated for Best Actress) and Aaron (Albert Brooks, nominated for Best Supporting Actor) are working on a story about a mercenary returning from action in Angola. Jane is also preparing a speech that she is to deliver at a network conference. The film then cuts to her presentation, in which she decries the current state of network journalism. A conscientious and committed professional, Jane calls her audience of network newspeople to task for the decline of issue-based news in favor of entertaining filler stories and higher ratings. Her audience, bored and distracted, suddenly regains interest when she plays a tape of a recently aired ``story'' that is spectacular in effect but a bit of fluff as far as newsworthiness is concerned. The audience's rapt involvement only proves Jane's point: Thoroughly frustrated, she retreats from the dais as the hall empties of her colleagues. An attractive man stays behind, however, approaching her and introducing himself as Tom Grunick (William Hurt, nominated for Best Actor), a local television anchor who claims to have been impressed by her speech. Flattered and reassured by his attention, Jane asks the stranger to dinner.

The two end the evening in Jane's hotel room, continuing their discussion on journalistic ethics. Jane is attracted to Tom, but their conversation reveals that his career exemplifies the trend toward slickness and superficiality that she deplores. Tom recognizes his weakness, claiming that the profession is rewarding him for something of which he considers himself incapable, to which Jane inquires about his proficiency at backrubs. This vital conflict between professional concerns and personal desires is underlined by Michael Ballhaus' fluid camera work, which pans and circles around Tom and Jane, constantly melding, separating, and repositioning them in the frame; the lack of visual resolve parallels the emotional confusion of the characters.

The scene concludes with Jane, alone in her room after Tom's departure, sitting in bed and talking to Aaron on the phone. Aaron, brilliant but average looking, is both colleague and confidant; he hears out the evening's postmortems and Jane's concerns that she has lost her capacity for seduction. Jane and Aaron share the same high ethics and intellectual acuity and are both driven by the pursuit of truth in broadcasting. Their relationship, however, remains platonic, though comfortable, until Tom, who has been hired by their network as a news anchor, arrives in Washington to complicate the issue.

The office greets Tom with a frenetic welcome while Jane races a deadline to finish a story. Tom can only stand back and marvel at her command of the situation as she pushes her assistants to the limits of their skills and perseverance. In contrast, Aaron calmly writes and tapes the copy for the piece, stopwatch in hand for thirty seconds of quality voice-over. They finish with barely enough time to rush the tape to the control room and put it on the air. Adding to the scene's intensity is a brilliant cameo performance by Jack Nicholson as the network's star anchor from New York.

The frantic aspect of this scene informs the remainder of the film, though it does not graphically re-emerge. Broadcast news is portrayed as a highly demanding profession with no room for inefficiency or indecision. Jane and Aaron are well versed in its necessities, and Tom is quick to realize that he must strive hard to keep pace. His initiation into the big leagues arises when he is assigned to anchor a special report on a sudden crisis in the Middle East.

While Jane coordinates the report and conspires to make everything as simple as possible for Tom, he retires into his office to make his own preparations -- calmly unwrapping and donning a fresh shirt and combing his hair. Aaron, whose substantive experience reporting from the region is bypassed for Tom's stylish presence, sits peevishly at home. In a brilliantly comic and poignant scene, he cannot avoid watching the report and getting involved. He telephones Jane at the studio and gives her information, which she synthesizes and conveys as prompts to Tom through his discreetly placed earphone. The electronic link between Tom and Jane as she feeds information to him becomes a sensuous metaphor: Her voice is insinuating, seductive, and redolent of discretionary power. Her finger is seen caressing the button which connects her microphone with his ear, which in turn is intercut with tight close-ups of her mouth. Adding Aaron to the picture as he talks to Jane from his living room, Brooks molds these three distinct personalities into one high-performance broadcast machine. Seconds after Aaron has conveyed his ideas to Jane, they resurface from Tom's mouth, on the air, in one of the film's best evocations of the schizophrenic split between idea and image, conception and delivery, that is the unsavory reality of television news.

As Tom discovered during the report, and Aaron already knew, highintensity work can provoke high-intensity attraction. This romantic triangle, with its attendant dialectic of career and personal aspirations, is nevertheless destined to remain unresolved; there are no clear winners or losers here. With the emotional matrix loaded to its breaking point, the network intervenes to resolve the dilemma. A massive layoff entirely disrupts the Washington bureau; a large segment of the office is fired, Tom is transferred to London (actually a promotion), Aaron resigns on principle, and Jane is elevated to the position of bureau chief.

Tom suggests to Jane that before he relocates they should go away together on vacation to discover their compatibility outside the work environment. She accepts his offer and is eager to go until Aaron suggests that she review a story Tom produced earlier. The piece was an emotional portrayal of a woman who had been raped, and it contained a shot of Tom responding with tears in his eyes to the woman's painful confession. Jane's investigation of the unedited footage reveals that Tom filmed this emotional response after the interview, then inserted it to give the impression of an immediate and sincere reaction. Jane is aghast at this breach of journalistic ethics and is completely disappointed by Tom. Her romantic interest in him and the vacation flags. She abandons him at the airport and rides away, small and despondent in the backseat of a cab with a ticket to the Tropics in her hand, frustrated again.

In the film's conclusion, the three reunite seven years later. With the tensions of professional ambitions diminished (all three are successful in their careers) and the possibility of a relationship between Jane and Tom or Aaron evaporated (they have found other partners), the viewer is forced to temper away any previous biases about their personalities (especially Tom's) as the three themselves have done. TERMS OF ENDEARMENT ended on a tearful note; BROADCAST NEWS offers little in the way of catharsis, leaving viewers bemused and quizzical instead. Given the professional milieu of the film, however, it is not surprising that viewers' emotions should be kept at bay. By basing the relationships in BROADCAST NEWS on the image-conscious ethics and morals of television journalism, rather than on the vicissitudes of middle-American daily life, Brooks created a film which posits success and professional integrity as higher virtues, if it does not actually condone them.


Country of Origin: USA

Release Date: 1987

Production Line:
James L. Brooks; released by Twentieth Century-Fox

Director: James L. Brooks

Cinematographer: Michael Ballhaus

File Editor: Richard Marks

Additional Credits:
ART DIRECTION - Charles Rosen
SET DECORATION - Jane Bogart
COSTUME DESIGN - Molly Maginnis
MUSIC - Bill Conti

MPAA Rating: R

Run Time: 131 minutes

Cast:
Tom Grunick - William Hurt
Aaron Altman - Albert Brooks
Jane Craig - Holly Hunter
Ernie Merriman - Robert Prosky
Jennifer Mack - Lois Chiles
Blair Litton - Joan Cusack
Paul Moore - Peter Hackes
Bobby - Christian Clemenson

Review Sources:
America. CLVIII, February 6, 1988, p.122
Commonweal.
CXV, January 29, 1988, p.48
Los Angeles Times.
December 16, 1987, VI, p.1
The Nation.
CCXLVI, January 23, 1988, p.94
The New Republic.
CXCVIII, February 1, 1988, p.26
The New York Times.
December 16, 1987, p. C21
The New Yorker. LXIII, January 11, 1988, p.76
Time.
CXXX, December 14, 1987, p.82
Variety.
CCCXXIX, December 9, 1987, p.13
The Wall Street Journal.
December 15, 1987, p.30

Named persons in Production Credits:
James L. Brooks

Studios named in Production Credits:
Twenthieth Century-Fox

Screenplay (Author):
James L. Brooks

Color

Video Available.
Genre:
Comedy, Drama, Romance

Award Citations:
Academy Awards - Nomination - Best Picture - BROADCAST NEWS (James L. Brooks)
Academy Awards - Nomination - Best Actor - William Hurt
Academy Awards - Nomination - Best Actress - Holly Hunter
Academy Awards - Nomination - Best Supporting Actor - Albert Brooks
Academy Awards - Nomination - Screenplay (original) - James L. Brooks
Academy Awards - Nomination - Cinematography - Michael Ballhaus
Academy Awards - Nomination - Editing - Richard Marks
New York Film Critics - Winner - Best Picture - BROADCAST NEWS (James L. Brooks)
New York Film Critics - Winner - Direction - James L. Brooks
New York Film Critics - Winner - Best Actor - Jack Nicholson
New York Film Critics - Winner - Best Actress - Holly Hunter
New York Film Critics - Winner - Screenplay - James L. Brooks
Los Angeles Film Critics - Winner - Best Actress - Holly Hunter (tie)
Berlin Film Festival - Winner - Best Actress - Holly Hunter

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